1.0
PURPOSE
1.1
To
provide general safe work practices for crafts and services personnel as a way
of controlling hazards and doing jobs with a minimum of risk to people and
property.
2.0
RESPONSIBILITY
2.1
Craft
and service supervisors are responsible to ensure the application of appropriate
safe work practices while their personnel are working.
3.0
GENERAL
3.1
Supervisors,
as well as, personnel must comply with all pertinent polices, procedures, rules,
instructions, laws, and regulations to protect their health and
safety.
3.2
Personnel
are encouraged to play an active role in identifying hazards in the workplace
and offering suggestions to improve the health and safety
program.
4.0
COMPRESSED GAS
CYLINDERS
4.1
Compressed
gas cylinders are dangerous by the very fact that their contents are under
pressure.
4.1.1
In
addition, many gases are flammable, explosive, or toxic.
4.1.2
Proper
handling and care is a priority for a safe work site.
4.2
Cylinders
are to be properly labeled with the name of their contents and handling
instructions.
4.3
The
proper handling of cylinders include:
4.3.1
Keep
cylinders upright during transport, storage, or use.
4.3.2
Move
cylinders on a hand truck or dolly.
4.3.2.1 Never
hoist cylinders by their collar.
4.3.2.2 Do not
drop cylinders or let them bang into one another.
4.3.3
When a
job is finished, close the cylinder valves and replace the protective
caps.
4.3.4
Secure
cylinders with wire or chain to keep them upright.
4.3.5
Never
transport cylinders in the trunk of a vehicle or in a closed
van.
4.3.5.1 Escaping
gas can create the risk of an explosion or asphyxiation.
4.3.6
Keep
valves closed and cylinders capped when not in use.
4.3.7
Remove
gauges and other attachments before moving cylinders.
4.3.8
Store
cylinders away from heat and ignition sources, flammable materials and areas
such as elevators and traffic routes where they can be knocked over or
damaged.
4.3.9
Keep
empty and full cylinders separate.
4.3.10
Do not
store cylinders of different gases in the same area.
5.0
ELECTRICAL
SAFETY
5.1
Personnel
should conduct a worksite survey and implement control measures to address the
hazards at the site.
5.2
The
best defense against electrical accidents is the continuous exercising of good
judgment and commonsense.
5.3
When
work is performed on electrical equipment, some basic procedures
include:
5.3.1
Have
equipment de-energized.
5.3.1.1 Ensure
equipment is de-energized by using lockout/tagout (LOTO).
5.3.1.2 Use
grounding lines when required.
5.3.1.3 Use
insulated tools and equipment for the job.
5.3.1.4 Keep a
safe distance from energized parts.
5.3.1.5 Do not
operate equipment around overhead power lines unless you are authorized and
trained to do so.
5.3.1.5.1
Trained
personnel should be present to monitor the distance and warn equipment operators
if the minimum distance is not maintained.
5.3.1.6 Never
touch an overhead line if it is brought down by machinery or has
fallen.
5.3.1.6.1
Never
assume that lines are “dead”.
5.3.1.7 Never
touch a person who has come into contact with a live power
line.
5.3.1.8 Tools
used by employees should be designed and constructed to withstand the voltages
and stresses to which they are exposed.
5.3.1.9 Use
proper personal protective equipment for the job that is to be
performed.
5.3.1.9.1
These
may include insulating gloves, hoods, sleeves, matting, blankets,
etc.
5.3.1.9.2
Items
should be inspected prior to use.
5.3.1.10
The use
of non-conductive wooden or fiberglass ladders is recommended while working near
overhead power lines.
5.4
General
requirements for the use of extension cords include:
5.4.1
Cords
shall be placed and guarded so they will not become a tripping hazard or get
damaged.
5.4.2
Cords
shall not be hung over nails, bolts, or sharp edges.
5.4.3
Cords
shall be rated for the expected voltage load.
5.5
For wet
locations, a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) shall be used in
conjunction with any equipment or extension cord.
6.0
FALL
PROTECTION
6.1
6.2
Fall
protection is a general term for any means of ensuring that a worker is not
injured from a fall.
6.2.1
It
could include a combination of steps or procedures along with equipment of
prevent falling or limit the possibility of injury in case of a
fall.
6.2.2
Fall
protection can include a harness, net, rope, structure or other device or
equipment used as a means for restraining a person at risk for
falling.
6.3
Fall
protection should be used when there is a hazard of falling from 10 feet or
more; or, when there is the danger of falling onto a surface that could cause
injury upon contact; or, when there is the danger of falling into an open pit,
tank, or vat.
7.0
POWER
TOOLS
7.1
Understand
the use of the tool.
7.1.1
Read
the owner’s manual.
7.1.2
Be
familiar with the tool’s limitations.
7.2
Use
grounded and/or double insulated tools.
7.2.1
Do not
remove the grounding prong.
7.3
Survey
the worksite for possible hazards.
7.3.1
Know
what is below the surface of the work before cutting, drilling, or penetrating
the surface in any way.
7.4
Wear
proper apparel and personal protective equipment for the
job.
7.4.1
Do not
wear loose clothing, dangling objects, or jewelry.
7.4.2
Always
wear eye or eye/face protection.
7.4.3
Wear
hearing protection, when applicable.
7.5
Periodic
inspections of power tools shall be performed.
7.5.1
Defective
equipment shall be taken out of service until repairs are
made.
8.0
COMPRESSED
AIR
8.1
Follow
the manufacturer’s general instructions and comply with the recommended safety
requirements for air- powered tools.
8.1.1
Read
the owner’s manual.
8.2
Ensure
that air pressure has been turned off and line pressure relieved before
disconnecting the hose or changing tools.
8.3
Hoses
should be checked before use for cuts, bulges or other
damage.
8.3.1
Defective
hoses should be replaced before use.
8.4
A
proper pressure regulator and relief device should be in the system to ensure
correct desired pressure is maintained.
8.5
Equipment
must be properly maintained according to the manufacturer’s
requirements.
8.6
Wear
appropriate personal protective equipment.
8.7
Compressed
air must not be used to blow debris or to clean dirt from any worker’s
clothes.
9.0
SCAFFOLDING
9.1
Scaffolds
shall be erected be a competent person.
9.1.1
Legislative
and manufacturer’s requirements shall be complied with.
9.2
Scaffold
type, capable of withstanding the loads imposed on it, must be determined before
the job begins.
9.3
Provide
safe access and egress to both the scaffold and the general work
area.
10.0
LADDERS
10.1
Ladders
should be inspected before use.
10.1.1
If
defective, it should be tagged out.
Repairs should take place before returning it to
service.
10.2
Ladders
should be used on clean, level surfaces.
10.3
No work
should be done from the top two steps of ladders.
10.4
A
stepladder is only to be used in the fully opened position with spreader bars
locked.
10.5
Positioning
of an extension ladder should follow the 4:1 run/rise
ratio.
10.6
Do not
overreach while on a ladder.
10.6.1
Climb
down and move the ladder to a new position.
11.0
WELDING, CUTTING,
BURNING
11.1
Check
the work area for flammable and /or combustible materials before starting any
welding, cutting, or burning operations.
11.1.1
Take
the appropriate steps to make the area safe for these operations to take
place.
11.2
Have
firefighting equipment on hand.
11.2.1
Welders
should never work alone. A person
designated as a fire watch should be present during work.
11.3
Ensure
that adequate ventilation is supplied during welding, cutting, or
burning.
11.4
Protect
cables and/or hoses from slag or spark.
11.5
Never
enter, weld, cut, or burn in a confined space without first doing proper testing
and having a required attendant.
11.6
While
working overhead, fire resistant materials such as blankets and tarps should be
used to control and contain slag and spark.
11.7
Cylinder
valves should be opened slowly.
12.0
ABRASIVE
WHEELS
12.1
Personnel
should be familiar with grinding operations before starting
work.
12.1.1
Read
and follow the manufacturer’s instructions and safety
recommendations.
12.2
Ensure
that the proper equipment guards are in place and the proper personal protective
equipment (PPE) is used.
12.3
Do not
exceed the maximum wheel speed.
12.3.1
Check
the speed marked on the wheel and compares it to the speed on the
grinder.
12.4
Before
grinding, run the newly mounted wheel at operating speed to check for vibration
before using.
12.5
Do not
use the grinder for jobs for which it is not designed, such as
cutting.
12.6
Grinders
should be inspected before each use.
12.6.1
Defective
units should be tagged out of service and repaired prior to
use.
13.0
TRENCHING
13.1
Protection
from trench cave-in should be provided if the trench is more than 4 feet
deep.
13.1.1
Three
basic methods of protection include:
13.1.1.1
Sloping
13.1.1.2
Shoring
13.1.1.3
Trench
Box
13.2
Ladders
must be provided in areas protected by shoring or trench
boxes.
13.2.1
Ladders
should be placed no more than 25 feet apart in the trench and securely tied off
at the top.
14.0
MATERIAL
HANDLING
14.1
Avoid
injury by lifting and carrying objects correctly, both manually and by using
mechanical aids.
14.2
Dollies,
hand trucks, and forklifts may help in the transport of materials that are
either too heavy or bulky to move manually.
14.3
Wear
recommended personal protective equipment (PPE) for the
job.
14.4
Only
trained and authorized personnel should operate powered hand trucks and
forklifts.
14.5
To
prevent material handling accidents and injuries:
14.5.1
Be
alert for hazards.
14.5.2
Take
your time.
14.5.3
Get
help or use mechanical assistance when in doubt.
14.5.4
Wear
protective equipment.
14.5.5
Know
what others in the area are doing.
14.5.6
Let
others know what you are doing.
15.0
HAZARD
COMMUNICATION
15.1
Chemicals
may present physical and/or health hazards.
15.1.1
Read
container labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) to identify hazards and
methods of protection.
15.2
Container
labels and MSDS provide valuable information such as manufacturer, chemical
identity, physical and chemical characteristics, physical and health hazards,
routes of entry, exposure limits, safe handling and control measures, personal
protective equipment and emergency procedures and first
aid.
16.0
COLOR-CODING
16.1
Color-coding
is used extensively for safety purposes.
16.1.1
In
summary, color is used as follows:
16.1.1.1
RED—fire
equipment; danger; emergency shut off
16.1.1.2
YELLOW—hazardous
16.1.1.3
GREEN—first
aid; safety equipment
16.1.1.4
BLACK/WHITE—housekeeping;
traffic markings.
16.1.1.5
ORANGE—pinch
points; energized equipment
16.1.1.6
BLUE—informational
signs not of safety nature
16.1.1.7
MAGENTA—radiation
hazard
17.0
FIRE
PROTECTION
17.1
Practice
good housekeeping to keep fuels away from heat sources.
17.1.1
Dispose
of waste promptly and properly.
17.1.2
Keep
work areas free from dust and lint.
17.1.3
Keep
flammable and combustible materials away from ignition
sources.
17.2
Identify
and take precautions with flammable substances.
17.2.1
Check
labels and MSDS.
17.2.2
Clean
up spills and leaks immediately.
17.2.3
Keep
flammable liquids in approved airtight metal containers that are closed when not
in use.
17.2.4
Ground
containers during liquid transfers to prevent static
electricity.
17.2.5
Use
flammable liquids only in well-ventilated areas.
17.3
Use and
maintain electrical equipment properly.
17.4
Prevent
fires from chemical reactions.
17.4.1
Do not
use of store incompatible substances together.
17.4.1.1
Read
and follow instructions on chemical label and MSDS.
17.5
Know
the location and proper use of fire alarms and fire
extinguishers.
18.0
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
18.1
Lockout/Tagout
for servicing or maintaining equipment is necessary to prevent sudden release of
energy, thereby protecting personnel for serious injury or
death.
18.2
Lockout/Tagout
involves:
18.2.1
Shutting
off and locking out electricity.
18.2.2
Releasing
and locking out energy.
18.2.3
Draining
and locking out material.
18.3
Steps
to a safe lockout include:
18.3.1
Prepare
for shutdown
18.3.1.1
Identify
energy hazards
18.3.1.2
Locate
control devices
18.3.2
Notify
affected employees.
18.3.3
Turn
off equipment.
18.3.4
Isolate
all energy sources.
18.3.4.1
Electrical
18.3.4.2
Pneumatic
18.3.4.3
Hydraulic
18.3.4.4
Mechanical
18.3.5
Release
any stored energy.
18.3.6
Lock
out switches or other energy controls.
18.3.7
Test
the operating controls.
18.3.8
Check
circuits and electrical parts to make sure they are
de-energized.
18.3.9
Perform
necessary service or maintenance.
18.4
Tagout
is the use of special tags warning of danger of starting up of equipment when
that equipment cannot be physically locked out.
19.0